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Chemical effects on the Kβ’’ and Kβ2, 5 x-ray lines of 3d transition elements and their oxide compounds by PIXE

It has been recently pointed out [1] that with the quality of today's solid state x-ray detectors and the present signal processing systems, the accuracies of the available x-ray energy tables are a limiting factor in efforts to achieve the best fits to measured x-ray spectra. The additional important limiting issue is related to the variation of the x-ray spectra as a function of chemical states, which could be larger than the sensitivity of the method [1]. Numerous experimental studies have been done with the aim to exploit observed variations in x-ray spectral shapes for chemical speciation, either by using 'standard' solid state (like Si(Li) detectors) or high resolution wavelength dispersive systems.

chemical effects

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