engleski

Sugar beet yield and its variability depending on genotype ploidity

Hybrids created by crossing monogerm and multigerm are mostly used in sugar beet production today. Variability of sugar beet root yield and quality as well as of leaf elements concentration with different forms of sugar beet seed (4 multigerm tetraploid lines, 4 hybrids and 4 monogerm diploid male sterile lines) was researched through field experiments at two localities in 1994 and 1996. Root yield and quality were determined on sugar beet extraction in October whereas leaf samples for chemical analyses were taken from the central part of a rosette in the first ten days of July. The highest root yield was obtained with hybrids being by 13% higher compared to multigerm lines and by 35% higher compared to monogerm lines. Hybrid technological sugar yield was by 3.4% higher compared to multigerm lines and by 38.5% higher compared to monogerm ones. Multigerm lines had the highest and lowest molasses sugar content. Monogerm lines had the lowest root yield, lowest digestion and highest molasses sugar content. Digestion values varied considerably less than yield. Generally, leaf microelements concentration varied more than of macroelements, whereby of microelements Mn varied most and Zn least. Of macroelements Na and K varied most whereas P and Mg least.

sugar beet; hybrids; root yield; sugar yield; quality

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