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Educational software – intelligent tutorial systems : approach to case based reasoning

Educational software means the method under which completed computer programmes may be used in terms of teaching contents, as well as programmes assisting and directing individual learning phase. Educational software comprises different teaching programmes, intended to specific users. One kind of educational software is formed of intelligent tutorial systems, i.e. artificial intelligence softwares (UI). According to the definition of one of artificial intelligence hypothesis, the following may be stated: “The engines acting as being intelligent engines may be possible. It is obvious that the answer to the question if UI is possible to occur, depends on relevant definition.” According to very technical point of view, the question of intelligent engines is actually optimization problem of choice of the best software agent for given architecture. Having this in mind, reasoning field is very important for development of UI-based educational software. Research field includes various themes. Case based reasoning (CBR) draws a great attention within UI in educational software. CBR is analogous method of reasoning, providing two methodologies, namely, solving problems and human cognitive model. CBR represents reasoning based on experience or “old cases” for solving problems, analyzing solutions and explaining anomalous situations. It is consistently much more than conclusions, made by psychologists by observing natural way of solving problems. The experts show tendency to using CBR methodologies for making decisions in dynamically changeable situations and other situations, in which there are many unknown solutions and solutions are not reasonable. CBR represents principles of new technology of developing intelligent CBR system for teaching and learning, which may significantly promote improvement of education. Such systems help students to analyze and amend their solutions. A student applies a description of situation field and its solution and accordingly, the system may indicate cases with similar solutions and show relevant result to a student. In addition, he tries to analyze results in order to answer why the proposed method of solving has satisfied and why has failed. In this article, basis programming CBR concept and relevant methodology have been introduced. The article deals with basic review of CBR process and knowledge resources and covers researches, including presentation of cases of marking, storing, feedback and adaptation. We are especially pointing to examples of successful changes and also stressing utilization of CBR basic learning system, intended for students and their teachers.

intelligent tutorial systems; artificial intelligence softwares; case based reasoning; problems solving and human cognitive model.

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