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Sword dances among the Croats (CROSBI ID 476541)

Prilog sa skupa u zborniku | sažetak izlaganja sa skupa | međunarodna recenzija

Zebec, Tvrtko Sword dances among the Croats // Abstracts for the 21st Symposium of the ICTM Study Group on Ethnochoreology. July 2 - July 8, 2000. Korčula, Croatia / Zebec, Tvrtko ; Ivancich Dunin, Elsie (ur.). Zagreb: Institut za etnologiju i folklOris tiku (IEF), 2000. str. 16-17-x

Podaci o odgovornosti

Zebec, Tvrtko

engleski

Sword dances among the Croats

The objective of this paper is to present an overview of the common characteristics of several different types of sword dance which still live on today among the Croats. I. Most is known about the Moreška mock-combat dance in which two armies - white and black symbolizing the conflict between good and evil - do battle, as in other European examples, as part of the performance of a drama text. Written sources speak of performances of the moreška mock-combat dances during the 16th century in several of the Dalmatian cities. Despite changes in political life and context, it is probable - through the channels of Venice and Dubrovnik - that the moreška has been performed from that time almost regularly up until the present day in the town of Korčula, on the island of the same name in the southern Adriatic. II. Secondly, written sources tell us of types of sword dances which are some one hundred years older and were performed in chain form. Ivan Ivančan, the celebrated Croatian ethnochoreolog, did research during the 1960s into that type of sword dance. In the context of carnival and the celebration throughout the year of local patron saints in the individual parishes, these chain sward dances are performed today in five villages on the island of Korčula by the kumpanija 'chivalry associations' (see Bagur & Vitez). Kings are chosen as part of the carnival events (see Lozica) and in some places an ox is slaughtered as a symbolic sacrifice (see Čapo Žmegač). Chain sword dances are also performed on the nearby island of Lastovo. There, they are always performed by pokladari, who are exclusively men. They are also performed in a somewhat less elaborate form by masked women, who carry scarves instead of swords (see Dunin, Niemčić). This type of chain dance with scarves is also known among the Croats in the Boka Kotorska bay (which was part of Croatia during the time of the Austro-Hungarian empire, and was incorporated into the Republic of Montenegro from the time of formation of the former Yugoslavia). Members of the male society called the Bokeljska Mornarica /the Boka Navy/ perform this chain dance on the feast day of Kotor's patron saint, Tripun /Tryphon/, February 3. III. The third type of sword dance is found in the inland villages on the PeljeLac Peninsula, which is also not far from Korčula, nearer to Dubrovnik. There, too, the dance is performed at carnival-time as the ritual part of a procession through the villages and hamlets, danced in the form of a contra dance during its entire duration. The performers are exclusively men, masked in white costumes, and divided into two groups according to their roles - 'male' and 'female' (see Matoš). A dance similar in formation to the sword dance, sometimes performed in the form of a contra dance and sometimes as a circle dance, is known in the northern, continental part of Croatia, in Slavonia which is part of the Pannonian plains. It is performed at Whitsuntide exclusively by women in their roles as 'kings' (males) and 'queens' (females) as the ritual part of a procession, to constant singing. Although it is unlikely that this custom which is widely disseminated in north-eastern continental Croatia has any points in common with the isolated example of the Mediterranean mute white masks on the Pelješac Peninsula, it is interesting to monitor their mutual similarities and differences. Data exists on some other types of sword dance which are known today only from written sources or the memories of members of the public (the Hajdu tanc /Hajdu dance/ and the turski marš/Turkish march/), which have their parallels in neighboring Hungary and also Slovakia.

sword dances; Croatia

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Podaci o prilogu

16-17-x.

2000.

objavljeno

Podaci o matičnoj publikaciji

Abstracts for the 21st Symposium of the ICTM Study Group on Ethnochoreology. July 2 - July 8, 2000. Korčula, Croatia

Zebec, Tvrtko ; Ivancich Dunin, Elsie

Zagreb: Institut za etnologiju i folklOris tiku (IEF)

Podaci o skupu

21st Symposium of the ICTM Study Group on Ethnochoreology

predavanje

02.07.2000-08.07.2000

Korčula, Hrvatska

Povezanost rada

Etnologija i antropologija, Znanost o umjetnosti