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Reducing the CO2 emissions in Croatia’s cement industry – the pre-calciner model

Cement industry is one of the largest carbon emitting industrial sectors in the world. It contributes to about 5% of worlds anthropogenic CO2, and because of that is an important sector for CO2 emission regulation strategies. During the cement manufacturing process almost 90% of CO2 is emitted from two thermo-chemical processes which occur in the process of cement production. One is the calcination process, which contributes with 50% of CO2 emission, and the other is the combustion of the solid fuels, which contributes with 40% of CO2 emission. Remaining 10% of CO2 are emitted during the transport of raw material and some other production processes. The only way to reduce the CO2 emission from the calcination process is to use alternative raw materials, but till now there are no such materials from which that kind of cement, with at least as good performance and durability characteristics as the current portland-based cements, could be produced. That is why, for now, the only way to reduce the CO2 emission is to use more fuel efficient technologies. The best available technology, the one with the lowest energy consumption, for the cement manufacturing today, is the use of a rotary kiln together with a pre-calciner. The pre-calciner is a separate furnace in which the calcination process occurs, and after that the material goes to the rotary kiln where the clinkering process occurs. This improvement in the energy consumption, by simply dividing the calcination and the clinkering process, can be calculated also as a CO2 emission reduction. The purpose of this paper is to present the possibility of CO2 emission reduction in Croatia’s cement industry, by using the best available technology for cement production.

Cement industry; Cement pre-calciner; CO2 emissions; Cement production; Fuel efficiency

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