engleski

Potassium fertilization and genotype effects on the field crops in rotation

Review of KCl fertilization effects on the field crops status (four experiments starting from 2001 to 2004) was aim of this study. Five maize hybrids (the experiment A) were grown on Gundinci gleysol on two K rates (500 and 1250 kg K2O ha-1). Considerable effects of genotype on leaf-nutritional status (% in dry matter) were found as follows: the hybrid effects = from 1.44% to 1.79% K, from 0.64 to 0.71% Ca and from 0.49% to 0.61% Mg ; fertilization effects = 1.26% and 1.93% K, 0.73% and 0.64% Ca, 0.67% and 0.43% Mg, for the control and 1250 kg K2O ha-1, respectively). As affected by KCl yields of maize were increased up to 13% (8.36 and 9.42 t ha-1, respectively). By the KCl fertilization in the experiment B (625 kg K2O ha-1) yields of maize were significantly increased for 7% (2004), 13% (2005) and 10% (2006). In the experiment C (1100 kg K2O ha-1) maize responded by non-significant differences of yield (4-y mean 10.89 t ha-1), while yields of wheat and barley were increased up to 11% and 12%, respectively. Application of KCl up to 1582 kg K2O ha-1 in the experiment D had moderate effects on maize yields (up to 5% increases only), while yields of soybean and wheat were increased up to 17% and 14%, respectively. Acid reaction of soil and adequate leaf-K could be responsible for relative low response of the field crops to KCl fertilization.

potassium ; ameliorative fertilization ; genotype ; leaf nutritional status ; maize ; wheat ; soybean ; barley

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