engleski

Microwave Finishing of Textile Materials

In the electromagnetic radiation spectrum microwaves (300 MHz – 300 GHz) lie between radio wave (RF) and infrared (IR) frequencies, with relatively large wavelength (1m-1mm). Microwave (MW) heating has been proved to be more rapid, uniform and efficient, and easy penetrate to particle inside. Until now, microwave irradiation for textile finishing has been used for various purposes, such as: the combined de-sizing, scouring and bleaching processes, dyeing, printing and drying processes, as well as for eradication of insects from wool textiles. Three different electromagnetic devices have been developed and applied in the textile industry. Within the paper the accent will be laid on the waveguide applicator model. In this area the authors are holding two patents for the Laboratory planar microwave device and for the Modular microwave device for the treatment of textile materials. Both MW devices were constructed, tested and patented for thermal treatment of cellulose material (textile and wood). Applied traveling wave applicator includes meander waveguide with central slots through which is material horizontally passed in a wide state. To investigate the effect of microwave irradiation on the physical properties and morphological structure of cotton cellulose, cellulose fabric was treated with microwave irradiation at different conditions. Obtained effects of microwave treatment were compared with conventional drying and curing method. Improvement of physical and mechanical properties obtained with MW technology have offered the possibility to use proposed model for drying and curing of textiles, as well as for chemical wood modification. The key advantages of the microwave energy application usage, so as the future development will be presented.

microwaves; microwave finishing; planar treatment; cellulose material

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