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DETERMINATION OF ANISAKIS SPP. LARVAE (NEMATODA: ANISAKIDAE) FROM FISH IN ADRIATIC SEA BASED ON ITS SEQUENCE ANALYSIS

Genus Anisakis Dujardin, 1845 (Nematoda: Anisakidae) includes parasitic nematodes with complex life cycle. Larval stages can infect many marine and freshwater fish species. Larvae of anisakid nematodes are potential human health threath, both as causative agents of anisakiasis and as food-borne allergens. Genetic markers proved to be an essential tool in identification of Anisakis spp. larvae due to the presence of sibling species and different larval life-stages. The aim of the present study was to determine species of Anisakis spp. larvae found in fish from Adriatic Sea. Anisakis spp. larvae were collected from horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus), chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) and saddle bream (Oblada melanura), caught in middle Adriatic Sea near tuna farm and also from farmed tuna (Thunnus thynnus). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) together with sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) were applied for Anisakis species determination. Phylogenetic tree was constructed in MEGA 4.1 softwer. Two species, A. pegreffii and A. typica were determined on the basis of ITS sequence analysis. As human infections are attributable to A. pegreffi, identification of this anisakid nematode has a significance for the future diagnosis of anisakidosis.

Anisakis; marine fish; Adriatic Sea

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