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H2S and NO interactions in stomatal control and salt stress response in plants

Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is in general thought to be a phytotoxin. However, many plant species have been found to generate H2S, suggesting that it may be an endogenous chemical and suitable to be acting as signalling molecule. Our study aimed to further explore the potential role of H2S in plant cell signalling, with a particular focus on how NO signalling may be modulated. In collaboration between the University of the West of England, UK, the University of Exeter, UK and the University in Osijek, Croatia, it was found that H2S caused stomatal opening. Using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model system H2S-mediated opening was seen in plants treated with both NaHS or with a H2S donor, GYY4137. Furthermore, when endogenous nitric oxide was measured using a NO sensitive probe in conjunction with confocal microscopy, it appeared that NO levels were lower in plant tissues treated with either NaHS or GYY4137, suggesting that H2S interferers with NO signaling, perhaps through a scavenging role. In pepper, H2S-mediated stomata opening was seen in plants treated with both NaHS or with GYY4137. Pepper plants pre-treated with H2S and NO donors, and exposed to the salt stress, showed significant differences between individual treatments and pre-treatments in the specific and total enzymatic activity, lipid peroxidation levels, as well as in the hydrogen peroxide and proline concentrations. The results suggest that H2S may have a protective role in the case of salt stress, increasing enzymatic activity and the accumulation of the metabolites which are important cell potential regulators, such as proline. Knowledge about the role and function of the H2S molecule in cell physiological pathways, have determined the guidelines for our further research on the agricultural plants, where the final result could be a practical application of this compound in order to improve agricultural production, through an increasing plant tolerance to the different stressful growing conditions.

Arabidopsis thaliana ; H2S ; NO ; salt stress ; stomata

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