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Influence of drainage and fertilization on nitrogen leaching (CROSBI ID 46027)

Prilog u knjizi | izvorni znanstveni rad

Šimunić, Ivan ; Mesić, Milan Influence of drainage and fertilization on nitrogen leaching // Impact of tillage and fertilization on probable climate threats in Hungary and Croatia, soil vulnerability and protection / Birkas, Marta ; Mesić, Milan (ur.). Godollo: Szent István University Press, 2011. str. 121-130

Podaci o odgovornosti

Šimunić, Ivan ; Mesić, Milan

engleski

Influence of drainage and fertilization on nitrogen leaching

Out of the total nitrogen added into soil with mineral fertilizers, plants get about 50 %, about 25 % is immobilized in soil, and about 25 % is lost through leaching, denitrification and other mechanisms (Azem et al., 1985). From the ecological viewpoint, nitrogen has special importance because of its possible pollution of surface and ground waters. As nitrogen is predominantly leached in the form of nitrates since the soil does not adsorb ions, the hazard of environmental pollutions is generally to the nitrate form of nitrogen, and less to its ammonium and nitrite forms. Groundwater pollution by nitrates is an international problem (Roberts and Marsh, 1987 ; Meybeck et al., 1989 ; Weisenburger, 1991 ; Spalding and Exner, 1993 ; Zhang et al., 1996 ; Lerner et al., 1999 ; Wakida and Lerner, 2002). Excessive nitrate concentration in water may lead to eutrophication of watercourses or stock watering places. If such water is used for human consumption, it may cause methemoglobinemia in infants and animals (Pratt and Jury, 1984. Potential cancer risk from nitrate-N (and nitrite) in water and food has been reported (Rademaher et al., 1992 ; and Jasa et al., 1999). Therefore is the World Health Organization recommended that drinking water should contain less than 10 mg NO3-N L-1 or 50 mg NO3 L-1 (WHO, 1998). Leaching of nitrates from soil depends on a number of factors such as, the amount, frequency and intensity of precipitation, soil properties, crop type and crop development stage, evaporation, soil tillage practices, and nitrogen fertilization (Gausey, 1991 ; Vidacek et al., 1996, 1999 ; Josipovic et al., 2006 ; Nádasy and Nádasy, 2006 ; Németh, 2006 ; Nemcic et al., 2007 ; Mesic et al., 2007 and 2008 ; Simunic et al., 2002, 2011). The problem of nitrate leaching is even more pronounced in agro-ecosystems of hydroameliorated fields, especially in drained soils because of changed infiltration and filtration capabilities of these soils. Different drainpipe spacing and different nitrogen fertilization levels significantly influence soil productivity in the experimental area, but may lead to contamination of drainage water with nitrogen pollutants (Milburn and Richards, 1994 ; Klacic et al., 1998 ; Webster et al., 1999).

drainage, nitrate, precipitation, leaching, Gleyic Podzoluvisol

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Podaci o prilogu

121-130.

objavljeno

Podaci o knjizi

Impact of tillage and fertilization on probable climate threats in Hungary and Croatia, soil vulnerability and protection

Birkas, Marta ; Mesić, Milan

Godollo: Szent István University Press

2011.

978-963-269268-5

Povezanost rada

Poljoprivreda (agronomija)