engleski

Effects of reduced tillage and herbicides on weed biomass and wheat yield

Field experiments with maize-wheat rotation were set up in 1997 and 1998 on lessive pseudogleyic soil at Čačinci in north-eastern Croatia. The experimental design was a split-plot with tillage as main factor and weed control as sub-factor, and four replications (sub-plot = 3 x 9 m). The three tillage treatments were: 1. conventional (ploughing, disk-harrowing) - CT ; . 2. chiselling, disk-harrowing – CHSL, DH ; 3. disk-harrowing - DH. Weed management levels were: 1.chemical weed control ; 2. no chemical weed control. Triasulfuron 0.75 persent - chlorotoluron 79 persent mixture was applied at the recommended rate of 1.2 kg a.i. /ha at the tillering stage of the crop (Zadoks scale 25-29). Data on weed biomass were transformed logarithmically for analysis of variance. The main weed species were: Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Chenopodium album, C. polyspermum, Equisetum arvense, Cirsium arvense and Apera spica-venti. Tillage effects on weed biomass and wheat yield were not significant in both years. Herbicide treatment gave outstanding biomass control of annual broad-leaved weeds and annual grasses in both years and 1997, respectively. Yet, this treatment was not effective upon perennial broad-leaved weeds. Weeds had always no effect on wheat yield. Wheat yields were significantly influenced by year. Unlike 1997 which was extremely wet and therefore rather unfavourable for wheat production with low grain yields, 1998 was favourable and the realized yields were relatively high.

Soil tillage; Weed control; Weed biomass; Wheat yield

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