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Novel monomethine derivatives as detection tools

Novel fluorescent monomethine derivatives based on cyanine dyes are of high interest in field of molecular biology detection tools. Depending on their interaction mode with nucleic acids and preference for AT or GC region they can be used for nuclear acids visualization. Cell localization of monomethine cyanine derivatives (no.1, 2, 3) in living HeLa cells was monitored for 120 min using fluorescent microscopy and Hoechst 33258 as a control dye. Agarose gels post staining was applied for DNA/RNA visualization with SybrSafe as positive control. Evaluated cyanine derivatives (no. 1, 2, 3) are spread all over the cell expressing green fluorescent signal. Derivatives no.1 and 2 show strongest signal after 30 minutes. Signal is stable during the next 2h. Derivative no.3 has weaker fluorescence intensity and needs 90 – 120 minutes to enter in to the cell. Staining of the agaroze gel separated DNA and RNA samples showed that derivatives no.2 and 3 give good signal intensity (15 and 45 minutes gel post staining) that can be seen under UV and and trans white light. Intensity is comparable to SybrSafe. Derivative no.1 has no staining capability of DNA/RNA separated by gel electrophoresis. Monomethine derivative no.1 is the best candidate for fluorescent microscopy since it enters cells fast and has strong signal. It can be used in combination with other dyes for multiple detection. Derivatives no.2 and 3 are promising candidates for further development as visualization tool.

monomethine cyanine derivatives; visualization; cell localization; DNA/RNA; SybrSafe

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