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NEW DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS IN NATURAL GAS RELIQUEFACTION ON LNG SHIPS

Gas is a natural resource and can be considered as a gift from the past for meeting the present-day needs of mankind. On the one hand, natural gas provides an enormous source of energy, but on the other, its transport from the source to the consumer is quite a risky one. The transport of liquefied gas requires a great deal of expertise, as well as technical and technological solutions aimed at reducing the risk involved in handling this dangerous cargo. When a ship is under way in normal conditions, insulated cargo hold walls transfer some of the heat from the environment into the tanks holding Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), which results in boiling off, i.e. evaporation of certain amount of the cargo. The design solutions and technologies aim to reduce the evaporation rate of methane so that it amounts to less than 0.15% per day at sea, the ship's tanks being initially loaded up to 98.5% of the total capacity. The purpose of this paper is to explain the newest design and technological solutions in the construction of modern LNG carriers, equipped with on-board reliquefaction facilities and slow-speed diesel propulsion.

LNG; boil-off; evaporation; reliquefaction.

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