engleski

Bioactivity profiling of the marine cyanobacterium Rivularia mesenterica secondary metabolites

The persistence and proliferation of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens represents a considerable public health concern. Their ability to develop resistance mechanisms to antimicrobial drugs has assumed catastrophic proportions. Multidrug resistant organisms persist and spread worldwide, causing clinical failures in the treatment of infections and public health crises. The prevention and treatment of these infectious diseases by applying products from marine algae appears as a possible alternative. This study was performed to determine the spectrum of antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of the marine cyanobacterium Rivularia mesenterica in comparison with standard drugs. Rivularia mesenterica Thuret ex Bornet et Flahault, is a filamentous, nitrogen fixing, photolithtoautotrophic marine cyanobacterium that forms spherical colonies in a gelatinous sheath. The genus Rivularia belongs to the family Rivulariaceae, order Nostocales, widely distributed in the littoral zone of the Adriatic Sea. The secondary metabolites were isolated from fresh and dried cyanobacterial material using water and different organic solvents. We tested in vitro antimicrobial activity of the extracts using both disc diffusion and microdilution assay. The results showed that ethanol extracts obtained from fresh and dried biomass of R. mesenterica have significant antimicrobial activity against four Gram-positive and ten antibiotic-resistant Gram- negative bacteria and four fungi. We determined minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.06 to 32.00 µg/ ml. The highest radical scavenging activity observed for extracts from both, fresh and dried material, with concentration of 1.4 mg/ml, were 60.90% and 61.20%, respectively. Moreover, ethanol extracts from the dried biomass exhibited inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase with IC50 value of 2.24 µg/ml, according to the Ellman method. The overall results show a great potential of marine cyanobacterium R. mesenterica as interesting source for bioactive compounds that may be a promising alternative to synthetic drugs.

Rivularia mesenterica; antimicrobial activity; radical scavenging activity; acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

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