engleski

Diversity of autochtonous grapevine genotypes in Croatia

A narrowing of genetic basis in grapevine production, i.e. spreading "super cultivars" (Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling, etc.) is evident worldwide. Recent efforts for vineyard improvement in Croatia are not an exception, and this change raises a concern about further loss of genetic variability of grapevine genotypes. Main objective of this work is to present the abundance and potential of Croatian autochthonous grapevine genotypes. The work aims at providing information useful for grapevine breeding and introduction, as well as to encourage the scientific co-operation and experiments with these genotypes out of Croatia too. Spreading the Phylloxera, Plasmopara viticola and Uncinula necator at the beginning of this century caused a loss of many cultivars. The survived ones continued to be reproduced due to their good chatacters important to wine producers, as well as their tolerance to biological and environmental stresses. The official cultivar list consists of 143 autochthonous and introduced genotypes. Great genotype diversity is probably affected by dry great diversity of ambient conditions, varying from cold and wet continental to dry and hot mediterranean climate. Very unique genotypes can be expected among those retained on the Croatian islands. Such genotypes have been developed within reproductive isolation and did not significantly spread out of the islands for years. A list of 83 autochthonous genotypes and map of their natural sites are insluded.

Vitis vinifera L.; grapevine breeding; genetic variability; genetic resources

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