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Cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 genotyping by multiplex allele specific polymerase chain reaction

Cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 is one of the highly polymorphic genes, and only few most common of its numerous and diagnostically most important allelic variants are mainly analyzed. Our aim was to introduce and optimize a novel method for rapid and reliable detection of the five most common null alleles of cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 (*3, *4, *6, *7 and *8), a drug-metabolizing enzymatic system that metabolizes a large number of commonly prescribed drugs. Multiplex allele specific polymerase chain reaction (multiplex AS PCR) was chosen as the best option. At first, the whole CYP2D6 gene (a fragment of 4666 bp) was amplified by long template (LT) PCR, to serve as a template for two subsequent independent multiplex AS PCR reactions for detection of mutant and wild type alleles. The genotype was interpreted from pairs of the results of these two reactions. Testing of 144 DNA samples obtained from the blood of healthy subjects and comparison of the results with the genotype previously determined by the methods of RFLP and SSCP yielded a 100% concordance, confirming the value of the method concerning the time needed, reliability, and relatively low cost.

CYP2D6; genetic polymorphism; genotyping; multiplex PCR; allele specific PCR

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