engleski

Emerging novel porcine parvoviruses in Europe: origin, evolution, phylodynamics and phylogeography

To elucidate the spatio-temporal phylodynamics, dispersion and evolutionary processes underlying the emergence of novel porcine parvovirus 2-4 species, we analyzed all available complete capsid genes together with ours obtained in Europe. Bayesian phylogeography indicate that Romania (PPV2 and PPV4) and Croatia (PPV3) are the most likely ancestral areas from which PPVs have subsequently spread to other European countries and regions. Our time-scaled reconstruction supported a relatively recent history of the currently circulating novel PPV species (1920s - 1980s) in the domestic or sylvatic host. While PPV2 strains exhibit a large genetic exchange characterized by significant recombination and gene flow between distinct regions and hosts, PPV3 and PPV4 showed a diversification reflected by the accumulation of geographically structured polymorphisms. The RNA-like evolutionary rates detected, inter- and intra-host recombination and the positive selection sites provide evidence that the PPV2-4 capsid gene plays a prominent role in host adaptation.

diversity; evolution; origin; phylogeography; porcine parvovirus

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