engleski

Importance of multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) mechanism in aquaculture

One of the most intriguing cellular defence strategies evolutionary developed in aquatic organisms is the activity of the multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) mechanism first described in early 1990s. Analogous to the well-known multidrug resistant (MDR) mechanism discovered in tumour cells, MXR in aquatic organisms is mediated by expression of the same transmembrane ATP-dependent proteins (ABC proteins). MDR/MXR results from the rapid efflux of a wide variety of potentially toxic xenobiotics out of the cell. The best-studied ABC protein in aquatic organisms is the P-glycoprotein (ABCB1), while recent studies demonstrate the importance of other types of transport proteins such as MRP (ABCC) and the presence of the MRP-related genes in fish and mussels. The main goal of this study was the detection of ABCC (MRP) related gene sequences and functional detection of Pgp and MRP-like transport activities in aquatic animals. These new findings should help in better characterization and identification of all proteins possibly involved in MXR phenomenon and will influence afirmation of these biomarker in evaluation of environmental quality, especially in aquaculture.

multixenobiotic resistance mechanism (MXR); bivalves; fish; aquatic amphipod; MRP; P-glycoprotein (Pgp); ABC-transport proteins

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