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Flora and Vegetation of the Subalpine Belt in Central Dinarides – Preliminary Results

Central Dinarides are situated on the border area between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. A floristic survey was conducted during July 2011 and covered the area of Male Poljanice, Velike Torine, Veliki Troglav, Ledena gora, Vještića gora and Razdolje. Altitude range was from 1400 to 1913 m a.s.e. According to the Köppen climate classification, the studied area belongs to the snow-forest climate with a cold summer (Dfc). During the research 181 species of higher plants from 51 families were recorded. The most abundant families are Asteraceae and Poaceae (9.4% each), Rosaceae (7.7%), Fabaceae (7.2%), Lamiaceae (6.1%), Caryophyllaceae (5.5%) and Cichoriaceae and Scrophulariaceae (5% each). In the life form spectrum hemicryptophyta are predominant (61.3%), followed by chamaephyta (16.1%), phanerophyta (11.9%), geophyta (8.3%) and therophyta (2.4%). Considering the distribution area, eight species are endemic: Arenaria gracilis, Carduus collinus ssp. cylindricus, Cerastium grandiflorum, Dianthus integer, Euphorbia capitulata, Lonicera borbasiana, Oxytropis dinarica and Silene sendtneri. According to the Red Book of Vascular Flora of Croatian, three species are vulnerable: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Campanula cochlearifolia and Dianthus integer, five taxa are near threatened, one taxa is least concern, and for five taxa data are deficient. The alliance Pinion mugi, which form the final vegetation top layer, are significantly present only in the area of Klek, Male Poljanice, Velike Torine and Veliki Troglav. Quite often this habitat type is degraded and covered with stands dominated by Genista radiata, as it was on the Jaram area. More than half of the species found in these stands grow also on the mountain grasslands of the order Seslerietalia juncifoliae, which occupy the largest area in Central Dinarides, and where 101 taxa were found. From the total number of plant species, 14% were found only within the alliance Festucion bosniacae ("pungentis"), and the same is within the alliance Seslerion juncifoliae. Small stands of forest from the suballiance Saxifrago rotundifoliae - Fagenion and Vaccinio-Piceenion were also detected in the area of Male Poljanice. For a quality evaluation of floristic and vegetation diversity of the whole potential transboundary protected areas, as initiatives of the institutions for the protection of nature of the Republic of Croatia and Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an additional field research is needed throughout all vegetation seasons.

Dinara massif; Troglav Mt; flora; vegetation; Croatia; Bosnia and Herzegovina

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