engleski

Impact of climate change on wheat, barley and rapeseed yields in Croatia

In Croatia winter wheat is main winter crop and the second most important field crop after maize. With barley and rapeseed they occupy about 27.4% of the used arable land in the country. For 5-year period (2008–2012) average harvest area of winter wheat in Croatia was 168433 ha year-1, while remaining two winter crops covered 56574 ha (barley) year-1 and only 16978 ha (rapeseed) year-1 (FAO, 2013). This study observed weather (precipitation and air– temperatures) and crop yield interactions of three winter crops (wheat, barley and rapeseed) in Croatia for period of 5 years (2008–2012). The ranges of yield variations between years in the mentioned period were from 4.04 to 5.48 t ha-1 (wheat), from 3.27 to 4.26 (barley) and from 2.02 to 2.82 (rapeseed). Because of the lowest annual yield of all three winter crops due to unfavorable weather conditions 2009/2010 growing season is accentuate. During winter period (Dec.–Febr.) precipitation were higher for 76% in Osijek, 77% in Slavonski Brod, 68% in Sisak and 48% in Varaždin (139, 151, 170 and 148 mm of long–term mean, respectively). Also, precipitation excess during harvest in 2010 may cause yield reduction. At the same period mean air temperature was higher in comparison to LTM.

Climate change ; precipitation ; air–temperature ; winter wheat ; grain yield ; Croatia

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