engleski

Morphological and ultrastructural comparative analysis of bone tissue after the Er:YAG laser and a surgical drill osteotomy

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyse the morphological, chemical and crystallographical changes of bone tissue after osteotomy performed with the erbium:yttrium- aluminium-garnet (Er:YAG) laser and a low speed pilot drill. Materials and methods: The bone blocks were prepared from porcine ribs, and on each block, two tunnel preparations were performed using the Er:YAG laser (pulse energy: 1000 mJ, pulse duration: 300 µs, pulse repetition rate: 20 Hz) or the low-speed surgical pilot drill. The morphological changes of the cortical and the spongiuos surface of the tunnel preparations were analysed under the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) at low and high resolution. The distribution and the level of chemical elements in the treated surfaces was evaluated by qualitative and semi-quantitative energy dispersive x-ray analysis (SEM-EDX). Diffraction x-ray analysis was used to detect any differences and thermally induced modifications of hydroxyapatite crystals. Results: FE-SEM revealed sharp edges of the Er:YAG preparations, with empty intertrabecular spaces and without signs of carbonization. In the drill group, the surface of the preparations was smooth, completely covered with smear layer and microcracks embaded, and the edges were with hairy-like irregularities. SEM-EDX analysis did not reveal any differences in the amount of specific chemical elements between the laser and the drill group. There were no thermally induced modifications of hydroxyapatite crystal structure in the bone tissue in both groups. Conclusion: The Er:YAG laser ablation did not cause any morphological, chemical or crystallographical changes of the bone tissue when compared to the surgical drill.

laser; osteotomy; drill

nije evidentirano