engleski

Exclusion and Local Citizenship in Croatia-Slavonia from 1868 to 1918

In the theory of citizenship it is well known that the citizenship is a form of social closure. Surely one of the main protagonists of such view has been Rogers Brubaker who in his book about Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany implemented the theory of social closure on the issues of citizenship. Following this path the main aim of our paper is to implement the theory of social closure on the issues of citizenship in Croatia-Slavonia in the period from 1868 to 1918. In the abovementioned period Croatia-Slavonia has been semi-dependent entity within the Hungarian part of Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. The autonomy has been established in the internal affairs, worship, education and justice. Nevertheless, the autonomy hasn’t granted Croatian national citizenship. Instead, there was only one national citizenship for the whole Hungarian part of the Monarchy. Since the Croatian national citizenship hasn’t been established the local citizenship has been used as a form of social closure. That citizenship has been regulated by special Croatian laws. These laws were in some basic principles similar to Hungarian laws but in some cases they regulated local citizenship quite different. The main difference has been the possibility of acquisition of local citizenship on the basis of long term residence. The possibilities of acquisition of local citizenship on that basis were much wider in Hungary than in Croatia-Slavonia. Considering the above, the local citizenship in Croatia-Slavonia has been much more closed. Analysis of the documents in the Croatian State Archives shows that the local citizenship has been used as a form of social closure to Hungarian poor and to Hungarian workers. That way the local citizenship functioned as a barrier to full integration of these people in Croatian society.

Exclusion ; Social Closure ; Local Citizenship ; National Citizenship ; Nationality ; Croatia-Slavonia

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