engleski

Increasing selenium concentration in animal tissues by wheat agrofortification

Objective: Considering whole human population, more than a third is exposed to the lack of essential elements, among which Se is very important. But, Se is not essential for plants, and conventional agricultural and food production practices are failing to provide quantities of Se adequate for human health. The objective of this work was to determine if increased content of Se in feed achieved by wheat agrofortification could increased Se concentrations in animal tissues. Materials and Methods: Winter wheat cultivar Divana was grown with 2 treatments: 1) control without Se and 2) foliar Se application as Na2SO4 in amount of 10 g/ha Se. Harvested wheat grain was analysed and used for feed mixture low in Se and feed mixture high in Se content. Sixteen male Sprague Dawley rats were 10 weeks from weaning fed with 2 types of custom made rat chow: a) low Se group (N=8) and b) high Se group (N=8). After decapitation, the 15 animal tissues are sampled on each rat and stored at -80°C. The wheat grain samples (after milling in heavy metal free mill) and animal tissues were digested in microwave oven using nitric acid. Se concentration was determined by inductively coupled plasma (ICP), optical emission spectrometry (OES) technique. Statistical difference of results was tested by ANOVA and LSD test at significance P<0, 05. Results: The applied Se did not affect wheat yield, but increased (12 fold) Se grain concentration from 30 µg/kg to 363 µg/kg. The increment of Se concentration was determined in all analysed rat tissues fed with agrofortified feed, but it wasn’t significant in lungs, heart, limfni čvor, crijevo and masno tkivo. The significant Se increasing was masured in samples of kidneys (37%, from 1, 08 to 1, 48 mg/kg), liver (42%, 0, 63 - 0, 90), blood (109%, 0, 38 - 0, 80), slezena (30%, 0, 36 - 0, 46), thymus (38%, 0, 27 - 0, 37), skin (32%, 0, 16 - 0, 21), bone (37%, 0, 13 - 0, 18), muscle (125%, 0, 09 - 0, 21), mali mozak (31%, 0, 13 - 0, 17) and mozak (47%, 0, 10 - 0, 15). In average, Se concentration increased 30%. Feeding using agrofortified wheat resulted in higher Se in all animal tissue, but from the human nutrition point of view, most important is increasing in muscle tissue (125 %).

selenium ; wheat ; biofortification ; rat ; tissue

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