engleski

Use waste of sugar factory in function of yield increases and sustainable agriculture

In this study, impacts of carbocalk application on soil status, grain yields of field crops in crop rotation and composition with emphasis on heavy metal contents in tobacco leaves were shown. The stationary field experiment was conducted on the arable land of the former state farm Kutjevo (Pozega-Slavonian County) in autumn of 2000. Carbocalk was applied in the amounts 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 t/ha (four replicates and basic plot 64.3m2). As affected by liming, soil pH (1n KCl) of 30 cm of the surface layer was increased from initial 3.89 to 4.71, 5.80, 6.62 and 6.95, respectively. Impacts of liming on the field crops yield were different in the individual years, probably due to differences in weather characteristics. Grain yield of maize were increased by the first step of liming for 16%, while by the higher rates of carbocalk additional yield increase was 7% only (4-year averages). The analogical values for wheat (3-year averages) are 30% and 9%. Soybean, barley and sunflower were grown only along one year and yield increases as affected by liming were 48%, 30% and 8%, respectively. Tobacco was grown two years in the experiment. The growing season effects on tobacco composition were considerable different. For example, in 2005 by liming was considerably decreased concentrations of the heavy metals in leaves (the control and 60 t/ha: mg/kg in dry matter) as follows: 357 and 92 Mn, 39.0 and 13.8 Zn, 3.6 and 1.9 Cd, 3.44 and 1.27 Ni, respectively. However, in the 2008 growing season this effects were non-significant (90.3 and 110.3 Mn, 27.4 and 28.9 Zn, 2.75 and 2.72 Cd, 2.23 and 2.14 Ni, respectively).

industrial waste ; liming ; carbocalk ; crop yields ; heavy metal ; tobacco leaves

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