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Response of soybean and wheat to phosphorus fertilization on calcareous soil of Sava valley area in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The stationary field experiment of increasing rates of phosphorus (P) fertilization started in spring 2011 on calcareous alluvial soil of Posavian Canton in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). By previous soil test was found low levels of plant available P (7.06 pH in 1n KCl ; 4.17% organic matter ; 3.79% CaCO3 ; 5.4 mg P2O5 in 100 g of soil determined by ammonium-lactate-method). Five rates of P fertilizer (monoammonium phosphate: 13% N + 53 % P2O5) was applied as follows (kg P2O5 ha-1): a = 75 (basic fertilization), b = 225 ; c = 375 ; d = 525 ; e = 975). The experiment was conducted in four replicates (basic plot 60 m2). In the next years only basic fertilization was applied. Crop rotation was as follows: soybean (2011) - winter wheat (2012 + 2013). As affected by P fertilization from 75 to 375 kg P2O5 ha-1, soybean yield was increased for 20% (2.11 and 2.53 t ha-1, respectively), whereas further increase of P rates resulted with lower yield to the control level. In both years significant differences of wheat yields were found only between basic and each rate of the increased P fertilization. Wheat yields of the control were 6.21 and 6.44 t ha-1, for the harvest of 2012 and 2013, respectively. As affected by P fertilization yields of wheat were increased up to 13% in 2012 and 15% in 2013. Means of wheat yields of four P treatments (b+c+d+e) were 6.92 and 7.21 t ha-1, for 2012 and 2013, respectively).

phosphorus fertilization ; calcareous soil ; grain yield ; soybean ; winter wheat

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