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Determination of the glycaemic index of preparations for sports performance

Introduction: Glycaemic index (GI) of a certain quantity and type of carbohydrate affects the rate of change of glucose concentration or glucose metabolism in blood. Consumption of carbohydrates with different GI before, during and after exercise affects the athletic performance and food with a high GI is preferred. Aims: To determine GI of two commercially available recovery preparations and accordingly assess their classification in the group of training recovery products. Methods: Five healthy males, 21 – 26 years, full-time students, non–smokers, volunteered for the study. The main inclusion criteria were absence of diabetes, prediabetes or any other diagnosis that affects glycaemia and intensive physical activity in leisure time, measured through body composition (Tanita MC-180 analyzer) and a standardized physical activity questionnaire. GI determination for two commercially available recovery preparations was done according to ISO 26 642:2010 method. Results: Test sample 1 had significantly lower hedonic score (4.0 ± 1.7) and a subjective feeling of satiety (50.5 ± 3.6), while Control sample had the highest scores (2.0 or 64.8 ± 9.0). Significantly higher blood glucose was determined for both test samples as compared to Control. The area under the blood glucose curve (iAUC) was significantly higher for Test sample 1 (255.9 ± 50.7) as compared to Control (78.9 ± 8.0), and Test sample 2 (127.3 ± 12.6). GI of Test sample 1 was significantly higher than the one of Test sample 2 (317.9 ± 122.4 versus 161.6 ± 14.6, p = 0.022). Conclusions: Both samples belong into the category of high GI products, which is in accordance with their intended purpose. The results indicate differences in the mechanism of action ; i.e. influence on glucose metabolism, probably as a result of product formulations (nutritional composition). Despite the same classification of two tested products by the manufacturer, more detailed description of mechanism of action for training recovery products should be encouraged.

controlled clinical study ; recovery preparations ; glycaemic index ; glucose metabolism ; sport performance

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