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The Empirical Comparison of Coordinate Transformation Models and Distortion Modeling Methods Based on a Case Study of Croatia

Several coordinate transformation models enable coordinate transformations between the historical astro-geodetic datums and datums related to the European Terrestrial Reference System (ETRS). The decision on the most appropriate coordinate transformation model is influenced by required accuracy, nature of the networks (1D, 2D, 3D), possibility of the model application regarding the size and shape of the territory, coordinate distortion that very often exist in historical astro-geodetic datums, etc. This research simultaneously investigates transformation models and distortion models, which usually extend transformation models in transformation process. Models included in the study are conformal transformation models, such as: Molodensky 3-parameters (p) and 5-p (standard and abridged) transformation models, 7-p transformation models (Bursa-Wolf and Molodensky-Badekas model), Affine transformation models (8-, 9-, 12- p), and Multiple Regression Equation approach. Besides, included are transformation models that extend conformal transformation with distortion modeling. Figure 1 presents usual transformation process for the Croatian case.

Coordinate Transformation Models; Distortion Modelling; Geodetic Datum; Grid Based Transformations; Reference Frame

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