engleski

Genetic resources of wild and cultivated grapevines in Dalmatia: research and application

Dalmatia is rich in germplasm of cultivated grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), possibly thanks to the great tradition of wine growing and favorable geography position where the historical circulation of grapevine was occurring. In the past the genetic resources of wild grapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris) were not of interest to commercial production and application resulting in their complete abandonment with very scarse literature data. The first step towards the exploitation of genetic resources of cultivated and wild grapevines includes study of genetic variability. Here we describe the application of modern DNA genotyping methods, chemical methods of identification of specific phenolic compounds and standard morphological descriptors in order to provide detailed information of the value of germplasm in Dalmatia. In an effort to protect genetic variation of Dalmatian grapes, germplasm collection were established at the Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation in Split, Croatia. The collection contains around 230 accessions of cultivated grapevines, and will be enlarged to the recently collected accessions of wild grapevines. Morphological characteristics and phenolic profiles of cultivated and wild accessions were analyzed. Genetic identification was carried out using microsatellite markers resulting in certain synonyms, homonyms, and assessment of genetic relationship between cultivated and wild grape germplasm. The results improve our knowledge of genetic constitution of cultivated and wild grape germplasm in Dalmatia and suggest possible directions for further conservation and use of these resources.

grape germplasm; Dalmatia; wild grape; evolution

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