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Quantitative genetic analysis of yield components and grain yield for soybean cultivars

The objective of this study was to estimate the efficiency and reliability of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) yield components as selection criteria (yield indicators) as well as to evaluate agronomic value of domestic soybean cultivars as potential parents in hybridizations for further genetic improvement of soybean grain yield. Trials were conducted on the experimental field of The Agricultural Insitute Osijek during a five-year period (1996-2000). The study was involved 14 domestic soybean cultivars in the frame of 0 to 00 maturity group. Mean values, coefficient of variation and wide-sense heritability were calculated for grain yield and following yiled components: plant height (cm), number of fertile nodes/plant, pods number/plant, seeds number/plant, weight of seeds/plant (g), harvest index/plant (5) and weight of 1000 seeds (g). Path-coefficient analysis was applied to determine the effects of analyzed yield components on the grain yield formation process. The obtained results of quanitative genetic analysis showed that components weight and number of seeds/plant had the lowest variability, the highest heritability and the highest positive direct effect on grain yield than other analyzed yield components. Among tested cultivars, the highest mean values of both yield components had cv. Ika. The obtained results have suggested that the indirect selection on higher soybean grain yield will be more efficientand more reliable over higher seeds weight and higher seeds number per plant in relation on the selection over the other yield components. Among tested cultivars, cv. Ika is more suitable as parental component in future hybridizations for further genetic advance in soybean grain yield.

soybean; cultivar; grain yield; yield components; quantitative genetic analysis

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