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Nutritional Requirements and Metabolic Changes in Migrating Birds

Every year, migrating birds make long seasonal journeys from their breeding grounds to their wintering grounds and back. These sustained flights, which may be hundreds or even thousands of kilometers at a stretch, pose huge physiological challenges for birds, and require much preparation before the journey, and refueling along the way. During migration, birds undergo alternating periods of fasting and re-feeding that are associated with dynamic changes in body mass and in organ size, including that of digestive tract. Long distance migrants rely virtually entirely on stored energy and nutrients to fuel each flight. Determining how birds overcome these physiological challenges requires understanding how the physiological capabilities of exercising and fasting birds relate to the ecological conditions encountered during migration.

Birds ; Migration ; Metabolism ; Fatty acid ; Nutrition

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