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Time-moving and Ego-moving Metaphors in Croatian: An experimental study

There are two dominant spatial metaphorical representations of time: the ego-moving and the time-moving metaphor. It has been shown that people answer ambiguous time questions from ego- and time-moving perspectives equally often, and that it is possible to prime either the ego- or the time-moving perspective by giving participants a task with either imaginary or real manipulation of objects in space (i.e. Boroditsky, 2000). While most participants are susceptible to this manipulation, there are nevertheless some participants who do not change time perspectives. This poses an important question: under what circumstances do we use certain metaphorical representations of time spontaneously, and what determines if we are prone to changing it or not? For example, if the future event is negative, we are more likely to take a time-moving perspective, while if it is positive, the ego-moving perspective is more frequent (Margolies & Crawford, 2008). Furthermore, participants who score higher on a procrastination scale, who are higher on extraversion or who are more future-oriented tend to adopt the ego-moving perspective more often (Duffy & Feist, 2014 ; Richmond, Wilson & Zinken, 2012). An active or passive role of ego in time representation overlaps with a tendency to avoid or approach, which are motivational forces described through space and movement. The aim of this study is to examine the frequency of use of time- and ego-moving metaphors in Croatian, and to explore the possibility of priming time perspectives via different spatial tasks. Moreover, the differences between characteristics of the participants who use either of the perspectives spontaneously and those who do not change perspective after manipulation will be analyzed. Participants are randomly assigned to two experimental and one control group. The participants in the experimental groups are introduced to either the time- or the ego- moving perspective and then they are asked ambiguous time question. Participants in the control group answer ambiguous time questions without being induced to either perspective. Prior to the manipulation, participants filled in locus of control (Rotter, 1966) and behavioral approach/avoidance (BAS/BIS) (Carver & White, 1994) scales. We hypothesize that participants who spontaneously adopt the time-moving perspective will score differently on the locus of control scale and BIS/BAS questionnaire, as compared to participants who use the ego-moving perspective. We expect more extreme results from participants who did not change perspectives after spatial manipulation.

conceptualization of time; ego-moving metaphor; time-moving metaphor; embodied cognition; priming

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