engleski

Review of genotoxicity studies and biomonitoring of population occupationally exposed to low doses of physical and chemical agents in R Croatia

According to regulations of R Croatia all subjects occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation undertake biomonitoring by chromosome aberration assay(CA) every 5 years. Based on cytogenetical results of required medical examination the subjects receive licence for further work. In the case that subject show deviations CA results from the control values he is transferred to another workplace for a period of 6 months. After that period and reated CA assay he usually receive permission for further work due to decrease of unstable CA. In the case of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs recommendation for biomonitoirng by sister chromatid exchange assay (SCE) is applied. Simultaneously, population of huge industrial facilities such as vinyl chloride factories, oil reineries, tobacco factories, sterilization units or fertilizer factories are also monitored. Except CA and SCE in vivo and in vitro micronucleus assay, comet assay and fluorescent in sistu hybridization are also applied altgough these methods are not part of routine examinations. Special interests in our research are combined exposures in which case we apply usually CA and in vitro micronucleus assay in order to detect involved clastogenic and aneugenic mechanisms. Efforts are made towards bimonitoring of children environmentally exposed to mutagens. Results of 1200 monitored subjcets show that highest genome damage in detected population occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation and ultrasound in industrial radigraphy. Monitoring of medical staff exposed to antineoplastic drugs by genotoxicological method is of great importance as there is no personal or ambiental monitors of exposure. Genotoxicological methods are crucial in health assessment in the case of low doses exposure as a preventive method and eventual predictor of cancer risk.

Low doses; biodosimetry; radiation; chemical mutagens

nije evidentirano