engleski

Alternative materials in sustainable construction

World population is expected to reach between 8.3 and 10.9 billion by 2050. Rapid population growth and urbanization will dramatically increase the demand for construction materials. It is estimated that, at the current rate of concrete consumption, the demand for concrete will rise to about 16 -18 billion tons a year by 2050. Therefore, construction industry, together with the building materials producers, must adopt new practices to meet the increased demand, while ensuring sustainable production. Concrete can be considered as a sustainable material if during its design all requirements of sustainable development are met. Since concrete is produced locally with short transportation routes, environmental requirements can easily be satisfied. To assure further decrease of CO2 emissions and energy consumption, different alternative materials, mostly by-products of other industries, are used as binders instead of cement and are often called supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The utilization of recycled concrete aggregates, recycled tire rubber, recycled plastics and waste glass as a partial replacement for large and/or fine aggregate in structural concrete is particularly attractive. Fibres of various shapes and sizes produced from steel, plastic, glass, and natural materials are also being used. It is well accepted today that the application of such alternative materials has a different influence on concrete properties which must be studied to be proved before being used. This paper reviews the effects of different alternative materials on concrete properties. Keeping in mind that such new age materials should be available locally, potentially available quantities of SCM in the region will be presented.

supplementary cementitious materials, metallurgical slag, fly ash, sustainability

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