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Sizing and scheduling of district heating systems considering building refurbishment – Case study for the neighbourhood of Trnsko

District heating systems are crucial for the development of future energy systems. Mainly because of their ability to utilize renewable resources such as solar and geothermal energy, biomass, industrial waste heat, biomass fired combined heat and power production and power to heat technologies such as heat pumps and electric heaters. In order to fully utilize their benefits, the sizing and the scheduling of these systems needs to be optimized. The main task of this work has been development of an optimization model capable of handling both the sizing and scheduling of a solar thermal district heating system including thermal storage, electric heaters, heat pumps and heat only boiler while considering the heating demand reduction due to the building refurbishment. The model has been implemented on the Trnsko neighbourhood located in the city of Zagreb.

District heating ; Energy planning ; Building refurbishment ; Scheduling

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