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Aflatoxigenic effect of illuminated fullerene nanoparticles

This study examined the effect of environmentally plausible fullerene C60 nanoparticle (nC60) concentrations on the aflatoxigenic fungi Aspergillus flavus NRRL 3251. Fungi were grown in YES medium for 168 h at 29 °C in the presence of 0, 10, 50 and 100 ng mL-1 of nC60 under VIS illumination (LED bulb, 50 W, 2250 Lux, Stella) in the 12 h light/12 h dark regime. Dry mycelial weight measurement was used for the antifungal activity estimation, while an effect of nC60 on aflatoxin production in YES media was assessed using a dilute and shoot LC-MS/MS method. Additionally, the main oxidative status markers of A. flavus cell (TBARS, GSH/GSSG ratio, Cu, Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and CAT) were determined by standard biochemical assays. Fullerene C60 nanoparticles caused a slight increase in the mycelial growth, but significantly boosted aflatoxin B1 production up to 8 times the control values at 10 ng mL-1 of nC60. Oxidative status markers indicated that aflatoxigenic effect of the illuminated C60 nanoparticles could be attributed to their strong prooxidant action on A. flavus. These results imply negative consequences of the increased release and environmental occurrence of fullerene C60.

fullerene C60 nanoparticles ; VIS illumination ; Aspergillus flavus NRRL 3251 ; aflatoxin B1 ; oxidative stress

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