engleski

Standardization of gymnosperm karyotypes using Picea omorika as an example

The karyotype analysis of a single Picea omorika (Panč.) Purk. tree was completed using female gametophyte tissue. Most chromosomes (n=12) were metacentric, but chromosomes IX and XII were submetacentric. The positions of the centromeres of chromosomes X and XI wereclose to submetacentric, but were classified as metacentric. Some authors, however, could have considered the smallest four chromosomes as submetacentric. This variance among authors in describing karyotypes creates a problem when comparisons are made among studies. A standardization for gymnosperm karyotypes is presented, based on a review of literature on karyotype analyses of gymnosperms. Recommendations for standardization are given, including karyotype analyses using metaphase or anaphase cells, presentations of numerical karyotypes inabsolute or relative length, definitions of centromere position, karyotype graphs, and reliability of position and frequency of secondary constrictions.

Picea omorika (Panč.) Purk.; karyotypes; gymnosperms; centromere nomenclature

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