engleski

Salmonella enterica persistence in soil amended with sewage sludge compost and its impact on the soil microbiome

Many outbreaks of foodborne illnesses caused by Salmonella enterica highlight the ability of this human pathogen to adapt to different environments. While it is evident that contamination of plants occurs, the source of contamination remains often unclear. If present in soil, weather conditions and heavy irrigation can cause soil splashing on the upper part of the cultivated plant. Adherence and internalization in plant tissue are the consequences. Also, available nutrients and indigenous microbial populations play an important role in human pathogen persistence. Persistence of Salmonella enterica ser. Seftenberg and Typhimurium 14028s was determined experimentally in diluvial sandy soil with or without sewage sludge compost amendment. Salmonella strains were introduced in soil and counted by direct plating up to 56 days post planting. Additionally, the potential of transfer from soil to plant was determined by detecting Salmonella enterica on the plant leafs by enrichment. Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subspecies pekinesis) was chosen as the model organism. The effect of the addition of salmonella on the native microbiome was studied using DGGE from the extracted total community DNA. The obtained results suggest that the persistence of Salmonella in soil could be enhanced by the addition of sewage sludge. The presence of Salmonella enterica could be detected in the upper part of the plant, especially in the early stage of plant development.

Salmonella enterica, sewadge sludge, soil

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