engleski

Biosecure aquaculture: challenges of trading and movement of animals, commodities and biomass

With the liberalization of international trade, countries need to justify any restrictions on international trade based on challenges to human, animal or plant health. Most countries are also signatories of one or more international agreements that include provisions for the protection of biodiversity from the impacts of ill-considered introductions and transfers of aquatic species. The nature of world trade in aquatic animals is such that it is impossible for most countries to conduct detailed health inspections or quarantine all the animals being imported. Future growth in commodities and biomass of fish and shellfish for an expanding human population will have to be met by continued aquaculture growth. Uncountable numbers of aquatic animals are moved annually for a wide variety of reasons, the ornamental trade and aquaculture development being the two most important. Almost all movements of aquatic animal commodities involve an element of ecological, pathogen or genetic hazard. Also, sustainable aquaculture development faces many challenges, and these can be viewed from various perspectives depending on the individual stakeholder. Aquaculture risks are manifold and can be reflected to financial and economic well-being, to human health, to social well-being, to the physical environment, to the biological environment etc. An integrated approach to analysis of challenges will assist the aquaculture sector in reducing hazards to successful operations from both internal and external ones and can similarly help to protect the environment, society and other resource users from adverse and often unpredicted impacts. This could lead to improved profitability and sustainability of the sector, while at the same time improving the public’s perception of aquaculture as a responsible, sustainable and environmentally friendly activity.

agreements ; biodiversity ; aquaculture

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