hrvatski

Obnova katedrale sv. Jakova u drugoj polovici 19. stoljeća: Otkrivanje prošlosti - zalog budućnosti

The cathedral of St. James in Šibenik has been the subject of scholarly research for over a century and a half, so few questions related to its construction remain unanswered. The latest monographic study (P. Marković, 2010) offered, in my opinion, a plausible interpretation of the authorship, but also of the genesis of the idea of its roofing and vaulting system – its most prominent architectural feature. However, the ongoing conservation- restoration campaign has revealed the fact that the cathedral still hides certain secrets and that our knowledge of its key construction and technical characteristics is still insufficient. The »discovery« of a hidden iron structure within the presbytery walls raised the question of the originality of certain solutions employed in this unique stone-iron structure and drew attention to the extensive mid-19th century reconstruction of the cathedral (1843– 1860). Not much is knownof this important restoration which included the disassembling and reassembling of the entire roof structure of the cathedral, suggesting that what we see today might – to some extent – be a replica of the original 15th- and 16th-century cathedral. Unpublished archival research by F. Ćorić, architectural drawings and partial insight into Paolo Bioni’s text Cenni storici ed artistici… (1845) permit a more precise reconstruction of the restoration of this important restoration which included the disassembling and reassembling of the entire roof structure of the cathedral, suggesting that what we see today might – to some extent – be a replica of the original 15th- and 16th- century cathedral. Unpublished archival research by F. Ćorić, architecturaldrawings and partial insight into Paolo Bioni’s text Cenni storici ed artistici… (1845) permit a more precise reconstruction of the restoration progress, as well as of the role of some of its protagonists. Considering the multitude of risks caused by possible interventions to the statically weakened cathedral, P. Bioni believed that its structure should be secured by an iron belt and covered by led panels or zinc-coated tin roof. The decision to disassemble the entire cathedral roof and reassemble it in newly carved slabs was made by engineer Sigmund Ransberg after his 1852 successful reconstruction of the dome which employed the same method. On the other hand, the correspondence between P. Bioni and the famous architect Pietro Nobile in Vienna reveal that Bioni’s efforts and personal interventions ensured that in 1846 the Royal Council allocated substantial funds for the continuation of restoration works on the entire cathedral, so Bioni must be considered the main initiator of that important campaign. Considering the fact that the cult of medieval monuments in German lands did not appear before the middle of the 19th century, such a decision of the state authorities must have been influenced by the somewhat »ancient appearance« of Šibenik cathedral, admired by Emperor Francis I during his visit to Šibenik in 1818.

Paolo Bioni ; Pietro Nobile ; Carsko i kraljevsko središnje povjerenstvo ; rekonstrukcija katedrale u 19. stoljeću

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