engleski

The challenges of detecting risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis

The most frequent disease of the arteries is atherosclerosis which is characterized by lumen reduction of blood vessels due to local thickening of internal blood vessels caused by plaque/atheroma. Atherosclerosis is now one of the leading causes of death in developed countries. The most important risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis disease are: hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, high fibrinogen, excessive weight and physical inactivity. Some authors pointed out the possible connection between parodontal disease in pregnant women with risk of preterm delivery, newborns of low gestational age with low birth masses and possible cardiovascular disease. Bearing this in mind, there is ongoing study in the Balkan region with the aim of investigating more predictors of early cardiovascular risk/ increased body mass index, high values of blood pressure and thickening of intima-media carotids complex/ in comparison to children whose mothers had good oral health during pregnancy. Preliminary study data:mean age of 43 pregnant women is 30.7+/- 5.7 years, 90, 3% pregnancy runs properly, KEP index: 12.32+/-5.7, plaque index 0.312, restored teeth 65.62% ; eating habits: 48.4% dairy products, fruit 64.5%, vegetables 22.6%, meat 42.9%, fish in 35, 2%.Regular dental therapy can decrease frequency of caries, peridontal disease in pregnant women, the frequency of prematurity, low birth weight( with all it's potential complications, decreasing financial costs of neonatal intensive care management and cardiovascular repercussions on newborn's health). A cardiovascular-oral health data base for the Balkan region can be used as a geographic, demographic and epidemiological source of information for the detection and identification of new potential risk factors of individuals for preterm delivery and possible atherosclerosis. Primary prevention of atherosclerosis should begin as early as possible, during pregnancy, in childhood, creating healthy way of life, which will be able to prevent or at least slow the development of atherosclerosis.

pregnancy, parodontal disease, newborn, early cardiovascular risk

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