engleski

Biomass fired district heating system with a micro-scale heat market

Local biomass potential in the Southeast European countries is relatively high. Nevertheless, biomass residues such as wood chips, straw and energy crops are often not properly managed. Furthermore, when used for individual house heating or domestic hot water preparation, biomass is inefficiently utilized. This is especially relevant for rural areas where people close the stoves air supply in order to slow down the combustion of biomass. This is the main source of pollution since it prevents total combustion of gases and limits proper energy utilization. Thus, the main objective of this research is to analyse the implementation of a small-scale biomass and renewable energy based district heating system and to prove the concept of bioenergy villages from technical and economical perspective. For this purpose, local heating and domestic hot water preparation demands, as well as the available biomass potentials have been analysed and mapped using the geographic information system (GIS). A model for analysing the optimal operation of the district heating boiler with relatively high share of solar energy that is backed up by either the short or long-term heat storage has been developed. The model takes the supply and the return temperatures from the DH network into the account and decides if the excess solar heat produced at the prosumers can be delivered in to the network. This reduces the heat overproduction and enables a smoot and interrupted operation of the system. Such configuration would benefit both the DH company and the prosumers. The DH company would have the opportunity to rather buy cheaper excess heat from the prosumers than to start its own and relatively slow biomass boiler. In this paper, several scenarios have been proposed for a Romanian village Ghelinta. The target village is characterized by a small-scale biomass district heating boiler with thermal storage and prosumers with either solar thermal collectors or locally installed heat pumps. Integration of seasonal thermal storage and local prosumers can additionally smooth out the biomass district heating boilers operation and bring additional socio-economic benefits for the bioenergy village communities. This could be the first step towards establishment of a micro-scale thermal energy market. Analysis has proven that the proposed system configuration is socio-technically feasible even at the micro-scale systems, in the Romanian target village Ghelinta.

Biomass ; Solar ; District heating ; GIS ; Optimization ; Energy Market

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