engleski

Confirmed and suspected cases of poisoning in wild birds in Croatia from 2010 to 2017: a pathomorphological survey

During the years 2010 to 2017 a pathomorphological survey has been made into the causes of death of wild birds in Croatia. Out of total of 5457 birds has been examined and in 274 wild birds of various species a probable or a definite cause of death was established. In spite of anamnestic data and pathomorphological macroscopic and microscopic changes suspcious on intoxication, the intoxication was confirmed by toxicological tests only in 26 (9.48%) cases. Among these 26 cases a Clostridium botulinum toxin type C caused the death in 19 (73.07%) birds (pheasants ; wild ducks). In seven other cases the intoxication with rodenticide and carbofuran was confirmed in water birds and birds of prey. For some reasons even in some groups of experts around the world the only important cases of poisoning in wild birds is the acute and easy recognizable lethal poisoning which can (and must) be proved with toxicological analysis. On contrary, the most literature data emphasize the most dangerous, especially as a source of secondary intoxication for human and animals, are chronically intoxicated animals, especially wild birds. Namely, in those cases unspecific symptoms and gross lesions are usually hidden behind the various bacterial and/or viral infections, so the toxicological analysis become unnecessarily ignored. This can be one of the major failures in the implementation of the concept of "One Health". As it is known that for some poisons, the biomarkers of exposure and toxic effects are similar in humans and the sentinel animals (e.g., the effect of organophosphorus insecticides), more attention should be paid to comprehensive surveillance and/or detailed research and care of ill/poisoned (wild) mammals and (wild) birds.

wild birds ; intoxication ; pathomorphology ; „One Health“ ; Croatia

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