engleski

Soil erosion and landscape change during the late Holocene in Dalmatia

This paper examines the records from lake and marine cores for multiproxy evidence of environmental changes in the Eastern Adriatic region during the late Holocene. Focus is on data for the period termed as Dark Ages Cold Period (DACP) with starting and ending dates of AD 450 and AD 800 (Helama et al., 2017) and also for the evidence of the cold period from AD 536 to 660 termed the Late Antique Little Ice Age (LALIA - Büntgen et al., 2016) related to intensive volcanic activity. Human activities on the eastern Adriatic coast during various periods of late Holocene as recorded by marine and lake cores indicate forest clearance which caused advanced soil degeneration and increased erosion rates of different intensities. The unique characteristics of polygenetic Cambisols (eutric, distric, chromic) developed on karst bedrock with distinct high magnetic susceptibility and geochemical signatures of lithogenic elements (i.e. Al, Fe, Si, Ti, K, V, Cr, Ni) allow detection of erosion events and their intensities in dominantly carbonate rich Holocene marine and lake sediments. During the LoLADRIA project more than 20 dated cores from lakes, marine depressions and estuaries showed different periods of erosion in different Adriatic catchments and regions. Most of the lake cores offer higher resolutions (5-10 years) for paleo reconstructions than marine sediments (20 years). Evidences (magnetic susceptibility, geochemical, 13C and 15N of organic matter, palynological, grain size) of intensive environmental changes during the DACP were found in cores from lake sediments of Vransko jezero on Cres Island, Bokanjačko blato and Modro jezero and from marine sediments from the Novigradsko more catchments.

soil, erosion, landscape change, Holocene, Dalmatia

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