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Identifying key priorities in support to the EU Macro-regional Strategies implementation – An ex-ante assessment for the Adriatic-Ionian and Alpine regions focusing on clean growth in transport and bioenergy (CROSBI ID 784273)

Druge vrste radova | elaborat/studija

Muntean, M. ; Van Dingenen, R. ; Monforti-Ferrario, F. ; Scarlat, N. ; Janssens-Maenhout, G. ; Hjorth, J. ; Bernabei, C. ; Skoniezki, P. ; Norcini Pala, A. ; Coppola, P. et al. Identifying key priorities in support to the EU Macro-regional Strategies implementation – An ex-ante assessment for the Adriatic-Ionian and Alpine regions focusing on clean growth in transport and bioenergy // Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra. 2019.

Podaci o odgovornosti

Muntean, M. ; Van Dingenen, R. ; Monforti-Ferrario, F. ; Scarlat, N. ; Janssens-Maenhout, G. ; Hjorth, J. ; Bernabei, C. ; Skoniezki, P. ; Norcini Pala, A. ; Coppola, P. ; Vizcaino Martinez, P. ; Jacobs-Crisioni, C. ; Lavalle, C. ; Kompil, M. ; Armengaud, A. ; Trozzi, C. ; Contini, D. ; Twrdy, E. ; Psaraftis, H. ; De Gennaro, M. ; Paffumi, E. ; Martini, G. ; Marelli, L. ; Giuntoli, J. ; Ntziachristos, L. ; Antoniou, C. ; Meyer, M. ; Santa, U. ; Rroco, E. ; Motola, V. ; Ćosić, B. ; et. al.

engleski

Identifying key priorities in support to the EU Macro-regional Strategies implementation – An ex-ante assessment for the Adriatic-Ionian and Alpine regions focusing on clean growth in transport and bioenergy

The emissions from transport and residential sectors have significant shares in total emissions of Europe. In this study, we identified key priorities in support to the EU Macro-regional Strategies implementation based on an ex-ante assessment focusing on two EU macro-regions: Adriatic-Ionian (AIR) and Alpine (ALP). Firstly, we analysed how different sectors contribute to air pollution in the ALP and AIR regions and to predict future pollution levels under different emission scenarios such as Current Legislation (CLE), Maximum Technically Feasible Reduction (MTFR), and Climate Mitigation (CLIM) by using the TM5-FASST air quality and impact model. It was found that the residential sector is the main contributor to anthropogenic PM2.5 emissions and it will remain so also beyond 2050 under the CLE scenario while the transport sector remains the major contributor to NOx emissions until 2030, with a significant and growing contribution from shipping in the AIR region. Primary PM2.5 has almost reached its technical reduction limit but secondary PM2.5 still has a large reduction potential. MTFR measures on road transport and shipping emissions can generate an annual health benefit from PM2.5 and ozone of 750 (ALP) + 2950 (AIR) avoided premature mortalities in 2050 of which 64% from shipping emission reductions. The potential health benefits from all sectors under MTFR (ALP + AIR) amounts to 16, 800 avoided premature deaths annually in 2030 (3250 + 13550). The potential health benefits from Climate mitigation (ALP + AIR) amounts to 2200 avoided premature deaths annually in 2050 (620 + 1580), however CLIM policies due to fuel switch to biomass also cause air quality trade-off in the domestic sector leading to an estimated number of 360 extra premature deaths annually in 2050 in AIR. Secondly, the experts in the transport sector from these regions have pointed several areas of improvement. Increased intermodality, combining road, rail and maritime ship transport can have important benefits in both regions. In the ALP, moving from trucks to rail could considerably reduce the environmental impacts of transport by reducing emissions of CO2 and air pollutants and could help to solve traffic congestion problems. In the AIR, many countries use outdated technologies for on-road freight transport, causing large environmental impacts. A modal shift e.g. to electric rail or maritime shipping can thus give particularly large positive environmental benefits for this region. The potential drawbacks of a modal strengthening the role of railway and ship transport are primarily related to the increased complexity, the costs of the necessary infrastructures and the risk of increased air pollution in some port cities due to ship emissions. For traffic on roads, infrastructure development is a key element to move towards more sustainable transport. Electrification of road transport generates emissions reductions when the electricity generation is also clean and attention should be given to the charging infrastructure development. Fleet renewal of trucks and ships and use of cleaner fuels will contribute to clean growth in transport. However, fleet renewal is a costly measure and difficult to implement in poor countries ; consequently, the measures that proved to be effective in other countries may not be beneficial or even applicable in these countries. One important obstacle in implementing the provisions of EU macro-regional strategies is the disparity between countries within the macro-regions. Further, some countries in ALP and AIR are not part of EU and may present limitations in international trade and security agreements. Finally, the experts in the field highlighted the fact that bioenergy is an important opportunity for ALP and AIR regions. Because of potential environmental threats, its clean deployment is an issue to be carefully addressed through appropriate policies and regulatory acts. An example is the impact on regional air pollution of small and medium scale traditional appliances and domestic boilers. Improved efficiency and best available technologies need to be strongly supported with both market strategies and effective controls. On the other side of the supply chain, sustainable collection of feedstock has to be assured through the appropriate management of the forest stocks and accounting for the actual climate mitigation benefits, without forgetting the increasing demand of biomass from other industrial sectors in a bio-economy framework.

Adriatic-Ionian Strategy ; Alpine Strategy ; Clean Growth ; Bioenergy

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Podaci o izdanju

Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra

2019.

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objavljeno

Povezanost rada

Strojarstvo