engleski

Differences and similarities in realisation of the 200 meters medley race in junior and senior category

Introduction: Analysis of 200 meters medley race shows the difference within tactics and functional indicators of juniors and seniors, which enables more precise planning and programming of training procedures for top juniors. Methods: T-test and discriminative analysis have been used to determine differences between juniors and seniors, based on the 25 partial indicators of situation-related efficiency on final result. This has been applied on 36 top-graded swimmers who were finalists in this discipline, divided in two categories - juniors(n=14) and seniors(n=22). Results: Variance analysis showed that the seniors are significantly faster in every time-space parameter monitored, in every lap of the race (p 0.01) and in final result (t=9.09, p 0.01). Discriminative analyses were first interpreted by the energy related and tactical preparedness factor - table 1.(canonical R=0.83, p 0.00), and than by the factor of technical economy in swimming - table 2.(canonical R=0.75, p 0.00). They indicated domination of seniors in both components. Greater mechanical efficiency of seniors is confirmed using the discriminative function (canonical R=0.70, p 0.01) which integrated following parameters - stroke frequency in backstroke (r=0.44), breaststroke (r=0.37) and front crawl (r=0.31). Conclusion: Success in swimming depends on age, individual level of biological precocity, the level of swim quality and physical conditioning. A difference in quality of energetic-tactic preparedness related factor is found among seniors and it has a cause-and-affect relation with the factor of technical economics in swimming. Together, those factors determine success. The preference of seniors occurs in high level of mechanical efficiency defined through better motor co-ordination and technical performance as a result of long-years training procedures. Adequate level of psychophysical condition, optimum relation of stroke frequency and length along with quality performance of the turn, are determinants of technical and tactical realisation of the race and juniors should focus on them.

Swimming; 200 meter medley; differences

nije evidentirano