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Biochemical Markers for Down Syndrome in Amniotic Fluid of Euploid Pregnancies in Relation to Fetal Sex

AIM: To determine the median values of alpha-fetoprotein and beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin in the amniotic fluid of second-trimester unaffected pregnancies and to evaluate the differences in MoM values in relation to fetal sex. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 165 amniotic fluid samples were collected after the amniocentesis recommended for genetic purposes. IN 158 samples with euploid chromosome set, 80 were of female and 78 of male karyotype, respectively. Gestational age ranged from 15 to 21 weeks. METHODS: Biochemical markers were determined by immuno-fluorometric dual-assay (Perkin Elmer Live Sciences) and converted to multiples of the median of the corresponding gestational age. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical evaluation of log transformed MoM values. RESULTS: Median MoM-AFP was 0, 98 in female, and 1, 03 in amniotic fluid of male fetuses, respectively (p=0, 19). Median free-beta hCG MoM was 1, 14 in amniotic fluid of female pregnancies, and 0, 90 in male pregnancies (p<0, 01). CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the significant elevation of hCG beta-subunit in the second-trimester amniotic fluid of female pregnancies.

Down syndrome; amniotic fluid; alpha-fetoprotein; free-beta chorionic gonadotropin

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