engleski

Antitumor potential of crown ethers: structure activity relationships, cell cycle disturbances and cell death studies of a series of ionophores

The present paper demonstrates the antiproliferative ability and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of fourteen crown and aza-crown ether analogues on five tumor-cell types. The most active compounds were di-tert-butyldicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (3), which exhibited cytotoxicity in the submicromolar range and di-tert-butyldibenzo-18-crown-6 (5) (IC50 values of ≈ 2 µ ; ; ; ; ; M). Besides, 3 and 5 induced marked influence on the cell cycle phase distribution - strong G1 arrest, followed by the induction of apoptosis. A computational SAR modeling effort offers insights into possible mechanisms of crown ether biological activity, presumably involving penetration into cell membranes, and points out structural features of molecules important for this activity. The results reveal that crown ethers possess marked tumor-cell growth inhibitory activity the extent of which depends on the characteristics of the hydrophilic macrocylic cavity and the hydrophobic ring surrounding. Our work supports the hypothesis that crown ether compounds inhibit tumor cell growth by disrupting potassium ion homeostasis, which in turn leads to cell cycle perturbations and apoptosis.

crown ethers; ionophores; antitumor; cell cycle; apoptosis; potassium transport

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