engleski

Phosphorus fertilization and liming influence on trace elements soil and wheat grain

This paper was based on impact of phosphorus fertilization and liming of acid soil on trace elements transfer into food chain. Field experiment was conducted on two sites near Donji Miholjac in eastern Croatia with different soil acidity: dystric luvisol and calcaric regosol with pHKCl 4, 02 and 7, 14, respectively. Dystric luvisol was limed with three different doses of carbocalk: control without liming, 10 t ha-1 or 20 t ha-1. The both soils were fertilized 4 times (2003 -2006) with three different nutrient amounts: no fertilizer, NPK mineral fertilization and NP2K (doubled P) mineral fertilization. The crop rotation was: white cabbage, maize, winter wheat and soybean. The soil samples were collected on each plot before experiment and after each harvests (5 times), as well as crop plant material (leaves and grains). The luvisol analyses after 3 seasons (28 months after liming) showed liming impact on decreasing extractable microelements Mn, Ni and Co, since Mo concentration was increased. At the same time, mineral fertilization influenced on increasing concentration of harmful Cd. The reflection on concentrations of same elements in wheat grain was even enhanced since Mn (59 mg kg-1 on control plots vs. 41 on limed plots), Ni (0, 71 vs. 0, 37) and Co (0, 09-0, 07) concentrations were decreased and Mo (0, 15 vs. 0, 51) increased by liming. Very important consequence of soil Cd changes was increasing of grain Cd concentrations (0, 09 without fertilization vs. 0, 16 on fertilized plots) by fertilization. Microelements concentrations in wheat flag-leaves as intermediate waypoint between soil and grain were more influenced than concentration in soil or grain considering differences for Mn (199 vs. 120), at the medium level between soil and grain considering Ni (0, 98 vs. 0, 65), Mo (0, 60 vs. 0, 93) and harmful Cd (0, 07-0, 11), since liming impact on Co concentration wasn’ t significant.

trace elements ; soil ; liming ; mineral fertilization ; wheat grain

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