engleski

Distribution of 4-Hydroxynonenal-Protein Conjugates as a Marker of Lipid Peroxidation and Parameter of Malignancy in Astrocytic and Ependymal Tumors of the Brain

Lipid peroxidation (LPO) is an autocatalytic process caused by oxidative stress, which causes, among others, production of 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) that plays a crucial role in hypoxic brain injury, neuronal degeneration and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of HNE in 120 astrocytic and in 40 ependymal tumors in relation to the type of tumors, their grade of malignancy, angiogenesis, and the presence of necrosis and apoptosis. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using a monoclonal antibody for the detection of HNE-modified proteins. HNE-protein adducts were found in all tumors. The incidence of HNE-immunopositive tumor cells increased with the tumor grade malignancy. The significantly higher HNE-expression was found in tumor cells of glioblastomas multiforme than in pilocytic astrocytomas (p<0.005), and in anaplastic ependymomas than in benign ependyomomas (p<0.01). HNE-immunopositive tumor cells were more diffusely distributed (p<0.05) than in perivascular locations. Pronounced HNE-protein adducts were detected in mitotic, necrotic, and apoptotic cells. HNE was expressed in endothelium of almost all tumor vessels, but its expression in the walls of the vessels was significantly higher in diffuse and anaplastic astrocytomas than in pilocytic astrocytomas and glioblastomas multiforme (p<0.05). The number of microvessels containing HNE in endothelium and in their walls were significantly increased with the grade of malignancy in both astrocytic (p<0.001) and ependymal tumors (p<0.05), although microvessels in pilocytic astrocytomas were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to diffuse astrocytomas of grade II and III. LPO seems to be a common pathological process in astrocytic and ependymal glial tumors, proportional to the level of malignancy and neovascularization. Therefore, HNE might be involved in the damage of brain cells and the induction of malignancy.

lipid peroxidation; 4-hydroxynonenal; ependymal tumors; astrocytic tumors

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