engleski

Differences in some aspects of stereotype and nonstereotype reactions

Stimulus-response compatibility refers to various aspects of spacial and dynamic characteristics of the stimulus situation and the reaction to the stimulus. It is also referred to as signal - control compatibility, which defines the relationship between signal and control elements of an interface. These are usually set according to the expectation of people, in which case one can talk about stereotypes. In a task where the time is an important variable, it can be assumed that the execution time will be shorter if the task was executed in a stereotype way. Contrary to this, time should be longer in a non-stereotype situation. There is no reason, however, to believe that the magnitude of errors, i.e. deviation from the target, would differ in stereotype and non-stereotype situations. The aim of this investigation was to find out possible effects of stereotypes on some aspects of efficiency in a task of setting up of the dial on a given target (number) on three different types of scales. The task included three types of scales (horizontal, vertical, semicircular), presented on a computer with numbers ranging from 5 to +5 with zero in the middle. In a normal situation the dial was at zero, i.e. in the middle of the scale. By pressing the mouse button, a number within the given range would appear above the scale. The subject's task was to position the dial, as quickly as he could onto the given target number on the scale by moving the mouse left-right (horizontal and semicircular scale) or up-down (vertical scale). When the subject thought that the dial was exactly on the target he had to press the button on the mouse which marked the end of the task . The time between the first and second pressing of the button was recorded as the task time (ms) and the deviation of the dial from the target was taken as the task error expressed in pixels. Twenty subjects performed the task 50 times on each of the three scales in stereotype and non-stereotype situations. Each of the target numbe appeared equal number of times in a random order. In stereatyl situations the stimulus (target number) and the reaction to it we~ compatible, which means that, if the stimulus appeared on the rigr side of the scale, for example, the subjeet would move the mouse tv the right. This brought the dial to the target on the right. In the non stereotype situation, however, when the mouse moved to the right. the dial moved to the left. The results showed a difference in the task time between semicircular anđ vertical scales in non-stereotype situation, but no differenee was found in stereotype situation among the scales. As could be expected, the difference between the task time in stereotype and non-stereotype situations was found on all the scales, with the time being significantly shorter in stereotype situations. Contrary to the expectations, the difference in error magnitude (deviations from the target ) was found between stereotype and nonstereotype situations.

efficiency

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